Are Drug & Alcohol in day rehabilitation effective for youth aged between 12-18 years old?

Drug and alcohol use among adolescents is a serious public health problem. According to the Australian Institute of Health and Welfare (AIHW) (2016), approximately four in seven people aged 14 years or older have used an illicit drug. Evidently, people are beginning to use drugs at an early age, and this is detrimental to their development and future outcomes. Therefore, it is crucial to find out the most suitable rehabilitation program for adolescents who abuse drugs and alcohol. This study seeks to investigate whether a day rehabilitation program for adolescents aged between 12 and 18 years is an effective intervention.

There are different findings regarding the effectiveness of day and residential drug and alcohol rehabilitation for adolescents. Several studies are in support of a residential as opposed to a day rehabilitation program. Mills et al. (2013) found that a residential rehabilitation program is very effective for teenagers with substance abuse problems. Youths who went through the residential rehabilitation program were able to successfully divert from substance abuse and other problems associated with it. Between pretreatment and post-treatment, significant reductions were observed in drug and alcohol use, delinquent behavior, school, absence, and hospitalization (Mills et al., 2013). Similarly, Hambley et al. (2010) found that a residential rehabilitation program led to a significant drop in substance use, as well as improved quality of life. There were better results for inpatient clients in comparison to those who received non-residential rehabilitation.

According to Plant and Panzarella (2009), residential rehabilitation is effective for adolescents and it results in positive outcomes if punitive approaches are avoided, the program meets their developmental needs, families are involved, and there is aftercare after the youths are discharged. Residential rehabilitation is effective because it enables the youths to identify the underlying issues related to drug abuse. Those who stay for long in residential programs have better success rates after treatment (Plant & Panzarella, 2009). Edelen et al. (2010) also found that a residential community-based rehabilitation program for adolescents resulted in positive treatment outcomes. According to Dasinger et al. (2004), residential rehabilitation results in higher substance use reduction than nonresidential programs.

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