Homeostasis and the Effects of Critical Illness on Homeostasis

Paragraph explaining blood pressure maintenance:Use hypovolaemic shock as an example failure of blood pressure homeostasisI suggest you structure is as follows:1. Explain briefly what hypovolaemic shock is2. Explain how it affects blood pressure3. Explain how this disrupts normal blood pressure physiology/ homeostasis
In the final paragraph section of your blood pressure part, discuss how in the critical setting, hypovolaemic shock is treated, and normal blood pressure restored. For example, by administering blood, fluids, blood pressure medication (for example vasoconstrictors etc).
You can conclude the whole section on blood pressure with a short summary, which wraps up the section. For example“In summary, blood pressure is a carefully controlled physiological variable which is crucial for adequate tissue perfusion. Hypovolaemic shock is an example of a situation which leads to a disruption of the process of blood pressure maintenance. It can be treated through the administering of blood and fluids, so that this vital body system can return to performing its function of oxygen delivery and tissue perfusion.” 

Homeostasis is the tendency of a living system to maintain its internal (fluidly) environment at relative stability. [1] A conglomerate of individual sub-systems contributes to the living systems homeostasis. Homeostasis is maintained through various regulatory mechanisms that are sufficiently effective in normal physiology [1] Stressors, either external or internal, attempt to shift regulated variables outside their normal physiological ranges.  Critical illness is a source of stressor elements that interfere with the normal physiology of the body and affect homeostatic balance. Critical illness refers to conditions or disease cases that are life-threatening and require mechanical or pharmacologic aids to mitigate the threat. [2] Important characteristics of critical illness when the condition goes beyond one week are alterations in metabolism and endocrine functions, as well as an ineffective immune response, all of which present a homeostatic challenge.[3; 4] Metabolism of glucose, fats, and proteins among other variables become defective during critical illness. [5] The current essay explores homeostasis in the respiratory and neurology systems by first discussing homeostatic regulation in normal physiology and the mechanisms involved.

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